Missing mummies: Hundreds of ancient Egyptian animals remains prove to be empty inside

11 May, 2015 09:06 / Updated 10 years ago

British scientists have been baffled to discover that hundreds of animal mummies from ancient Egypt – everything from cats to crocodiles – contain nothing inside.

More than 800 animal mummies have so far been analyzed by the Manchester Museum and the University of Manchester using X-rays and scanning equipment. About one-third contains complete animals, while another third contain partial remains.

However, the scientists were surprised when they found that the remaining third of the mummies were empty, BBC reported.

Dr Lidija McKnight, an Egyptologist from the University of Manchester, admitted: "There have been some surprises.

"We always knew that not all animal mummies contained what we expected them to contain, but we found around a third don't contain any animal material at all - so no skeletal remains,"
she told the BBC.

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In many cases, the cloth was stuffed with other available material, some of it connected to the animal meant for mummification.

"Basically, organic material such as mud, sticks and reeds, that would have been lying around the embalmers workshops, and also things like eggshells and feathers, which were associated with the animals, but aren't the animals themselves."

One explanation for the missing animal specimens is that there was such a huge appetite for the religious offerings that demand simply outstripped supply.

"The scale of animal mummification between about 800 BC and into the Roman period was huge," explained Dr. Campbell Price, curator of the Egypt and Sudan department at Manchester Museum.

"In terms of how many animals were reared and killed, it would have been on an industrial scale. The animals were young and killed when they were quite small. To achieve those numbers you had to have a very specific breeding program."

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Scientists believe that mummy makers probably struggled to keep up with the demand, but that does not mean the mummies were forgeries

"We think there is probably more to it than that," Dr McKnight told the BBC.

"We think they were mummifying pieces of animals that were lying around, or materials associated with the animals during their lifetime - so nest material or eggshells.

"They were special because they had been in close proximity with the animals - even though they weren't the animals themselves.


Scientists say that up to 70 million animals may have been mummified by the ancient Egyptians.